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Lecture 1: Importance of rotation and stratification for oceanic flows, scales of motion, and description of phenomena. Introductory lab demo: constraints imposed by rotation and stratification on fluid motion. CR 1. Lecture 2: Review of the equations of fluid motion, the Boussinesq approximation, and the shallow water equations. CR 3.1-3.7, 7.3. Lecture 3: Equations of motion in a rotating coordinate frame, the physics behind the Coriolis force, the geopotential, and inertial motions. CR 2.1-2.5. Lecture 4: Effects of stratification, static stability, and inertia-gravity waves. CR 11.1-11.2, 13.1-13.3. Lecture 5: Balanced motions, geostrophic and cyclogeostrophic balance, geostrophic streamfunction, inertial instability. CR 7.1,18.2 Lecture 6: Vorticity dynamics: vortex squashing/stretching/tilting, baroclinic and frictional torques, the thermal wind balance, and the Taylor-Proudman theorem. CR 7.4, 15.1, V 4.1-4.3, P 2.1-2.4. Lecture 7: Shallow water form of the potential vorticity, conservation and invertibility, and geostrophic adjustment: CR 7.4, V 3.8 Lecture 8: Poincare and Kelvin waves. CR 9.2 Lecture 9: Barotropic Rossby waves. CR 9.4, V 5.3 , 5.7 Lecture 10: The potential vorticity in a layered system and baroclinic instability. CR 12.1-12.4, 17.2, V 4.5, P 2.5, CR 16.4, 17.3-17.6, V 6.7. Lecture 11: The Ertel potential vorticity. CR 12.1-12.4, 17.2, V 4.5, P 2.5. Lecture 12: Frictional effects in rotating fluids, Ekman flows and the Ekman spiral. CR 8.1-8.7, V 2.12 Lecture 13: Ekman transport/pumping/suction and the frictional spin-down of geostrophic flows. V 2.12.6, P 4.7 |